What is manual Scavenging?

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What is manual Scavenging? 

(By Pashmeen Kaur ) 


Image By:- Goutham Sagra 


What is manual scavenging? 

Manual scavenging is a practice of manually cleaning and carrying of human or animal excrete from dry latrines, sewage and streets. Even though the practice of manual scavenging is illegal in India about 18000 people are still employed in the activity most of them are Dalit women. It is a caste-based practice according to the 2011 census most of the manual scavenging is of the manual scavenging activity is practiced in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh. Still there are some people in our country their livelihood depends on it. Most of the scavengers come from Hindu Valmiki community and Muslim Hailia community. The Hailia are categorised under other backward classes and Valmiki are categorize as schedule caste Dali. 95% manual scavengers are women. Not only they have engaged themselves into a filthy environment they are even discriminated by the society. Nobody touches them they are served in different glass of water in public area. Some of them openly speaks about the discrimination but some of them in the fear of the upper caste society stay quiet. They are expected to keep their eyes down in front of any upper caste person. The question is that even if the law as security is provided to them hence, there is not implementation for the same. Police, administration and society members are so unfair to these people. Some of the laws and schemes are implemented for protection of these people.

Law and schemes formulated for their protection 

Practice of manual scavenging is illegal in India from the past 60 years
certain provision is formulated for their protection they are as follows 

  • Protection of civil rights act [1955] compels any person for practicing manual scavenging in India.

  • The employment of manual scavengers and construction of dry latrines prohibition act 1993 states that if anyone practices the act of manual scavenging could be put behind the bars and penalty of rupees 2000.

  • The prohibition of employment as manual scavengers and their rehabilitation act 2013 it eliminates 1993 outlaws all forms of manual scavenging. It mentions penalties for people practicing it and protection is also provided to people indulge in the activity.

  • The 2013 rehabilitation act suggests some alternative livelihood and assistance to the manual scavengers such as scholarship for their children, housing and other persistence etc. Hence, it depends on the state if they have provided them with the advantages.

Even though the above laws are made there is no such implementation of these laws most of the state does not provide recognition to these people. 

Some of the key recommendation for India central government and state authorities-

  • Identify the group of people that are engaged in the manual scavenging currently and those who were engaged in the activity since 1993 when the act was outlawed. By identifying the groups, they could be provided with the benefit in 2013 act.

  • Ensure that the rehabilitation act of 2013 is assisted to them in a proper manner by looking after scholarship for children, financing, housing, loans could be provided etc. These facilities should be available to the manual scavengers.

  • Strictly should enforce laws on the officials in the local government who hire the manual scavengers’ actions should be taken against it.

  • There should be proper implementation of the laws that are being formulated and the government officials should look after that the society and they themselves are abiding the manual scavenging act of 2013 and schedule caste and schedule tribe act 1989.

  • Enact the schedule caste and schedule tribe [prevention of atrocities] amendment ordinance 2014.


CONCLUSION 

Manual scavenging is not only a crime but it is a job that can give infection to human without any machines cleaning of excrete can cause infection. There should be implementation of the laws in better manner in our society even though discrimination is an offence but it still persistence in our society.





Disclaimer:-

The opinions expressed in this article are the personal opinions of the author. The facts and opinions appearing in the article do not reflect the views of Light de Literacy and LDL does not assume any responsibility or liability for the same.


An NGO, run by group of socially active, determined & educated youths, aims to educate underprivileged children.

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